Soal Asli UTBK SNBT 2025 Literasi Bahasa Inggris (LBE)

Bacaan untuk soal nomor 8 dan seterusnya

Text 1: At Frieze London this year, three large artworks by the artist Nengi Omuku were hung away from the walls so viewers could walk around them. With each work, one side offered a vibrant nature-filled painting. The other presented strips of *sanyan*, a thick traditional Nigerian fabric that Omuku uses to replace the usual canvas fabric painters often used as their base. "The fact I’m painting on a vintage surface gives soul to my work," Omuku said over Zoom two days before the fair opened. For the 37-year-old, the fabric she works on has become as crucial as her paintings themselves. "Even when it’s not a vintage surface, it is a surface that has been made collaboratively with craftsmen from Nigeria." Omuku’s reason to use *sanyan* initially came from a place of necessity, but has now become an integral part of her practice. "I worked on canvas for a little while, but eventually shifted to working on *sanyan*, which is a pre-colonial Yoruba textile," she told CNN in a video call, adding that she "made the switch" after eight years of studying in the UK. "I was trying to rediscover myself and my identity," she said. "When I moved back to Nigeria, I couldn’t find high-quality canvas, and I was also really fascinated by how, as Nigerians, we identify ourselves through our clothes." However, she found *sanyan* more appealing than other more contemporary fabrics. "I’d never seen a pre-colonial Nigerian textile before, and it looked quite similar to linen." Text 2: When a banana duct-taped to a wall sold for USD 120,000 in 2019, social media uproar and an age-old debate about the meaning of art ensued. However, artist Maurizio Cattelan’s surreal creation, titled "Comedian", may yet prove a sound investment. On Friday, auction house Sotheby’s announced an estimate of USD 1 million to USD 1.5 million. I doubt that it will be sold at this high price. For their money, the winning bidder will receive a roll of duct tape and one banana. They will also receive a certificate of authenticity and official instructions for installing the work. Sotheby’s confirmed to CNN that neither the tape nor the banana are the originals. "Comedian" is a conceptual artwork, and the physical materials are replaced with every installation, an auction spokesperson said via email. Cattelan and French art gallery Perrotin made headlines around the world five years ago when they displayed "Comedian" with a six-figure asking price at the Art Basel Miami Beach fair. The original was created using a banana bought in a Miami grocery store, though the gallery said it could be replaced, as per the artist’s instructions.

Bacaan untuk soal nomor 9 dan seterusnya

Text 1: At Frieze London this year, three large artworks by the artist Nengi Omuku were hung away from the walls so viewers could walk around them. With each work, one side offered a vibrant nature-filled painting. The other presented strips of *sanyan*, a thick traditional Nigerian fabric that Omuku uses to replace the usual canvas fabric painters often used as their base. "The fact I’m painting on a vintage surface gives soul to my work," Omuku said over Zoom two days before the fair opened. For the 37-year-old, the fabric she works on has become as crucial as her paintings themselves. "Even when it’s not a vintage surface, it is a surface that has been made collaboratively with craftsmen from Nigeria." Omuku’s reason to use *sanyan* initially came from a place of necessity, but has now become an integral part of her practice. "I worked on canvas for a little while, but eventually shifted to working on *sanyan*, which is a pre-colonial Yoruba textile," she told CNN in a video call, adding that she "made the switch" after eight years of studying in the UK. "I was trying to rediscover myself and my identity," she said. "When I moved back to Nigeria, I couldn’t find high-quality canvas, and I was also really fascinated by how, as Nigerians, we identify ourselves through our clothes." However, she found *sanyan* more appealing than other more contemporary fabrics. "I’d never seen a pre-colonial Nigerian textile before, and it looked quite similar to linen." Text 2: When a banana duct-taped to a wall sold for $120,000 in 2019, social media uproar and an age-old debate about the meaning of art ensued. However, artist Maurizio Cattelan’s surreal creation, titled "Comedian", may yet prove a sound investment. On Friday, auction house Sotheby’s announced $ 1 million to $1.5 million. I doubt that it will be sold at this high price. For their money, the winning bidder will receive a roll of duct tape and one banana. They will also receive a certificate of authenticity and official instructions for installing the work. Sotheby’s confirmed to CNN that neither the tape nor the banana are the originals. "Comedian" is a conceptual artwork, and the physical materials are replaced with every installation, an auction spokesperson said via email. Cattelan and French art gallery Perrotin made headlines around the world five years ago when they displayed "Comedian" with a six-figure asking price at the Art Basel Miami Beach fair. The original was created using a banana bought in a Miami grocery store, though the gallery said it could be replaced, as per the artist’s instructions.

Bacaan untuk soal nomor 15 dan seterusnya

Text 3: Scientists have made a new type of nanogenerator. These devices are very energy-efficient and flexible. It can increase power density 140 times more than regular ones. They think this could make small devices as good as today’s solar panel. The new nanogenerator can turn small movements, like walking or opening a door, into a lot of electricity. For example, if a regular nanogenerator makes 10 milliwatts, this one can make over 1,000 milliwatts. The nanogenerator works like a relay race. Instead of one part passing energy atoms, each part collects and adds energy before passing it on. This boosts the total energy collected. This process is called the charge regeneration effect. The lead researcher said they wanted to capture energy from everyday movements, like running, walking, or waves. Their device uses 34 tiny energy collectors, improved with a laser technique, which can be made in large numbers. This type of nanogenerator is called a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). It turns simple movements into electricity by using special materials. These special materials get electrically charged when they touch and separate, like how a balloon sticks to hair. The researchers said they would start a company to make healthcare sensors using this technology. It is also said that with more technology, soon there would be over 50 billion devices needing power. Local green energy solutions are important to ensure sustainable future. This technology can use mechanical movements to power small devices. It could be used in smart homes, security systems, and healthcare to help patients. Text 4: The triboelectric effect happens when two materials touch and then separate. It is like when you rub a balloon on your hair and it sticks because of static electricity. When two different things touch, electrons move from one to the other. This makes one thing positively charged and the other negatively charged. This effect builds up these charges. Triboelectric devices, also called triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), use this effect to make energy. They use the static charge made when materials touch and then separate. TENG can change mechanical energy from movement or vibration into electrical energy. These devices are made of pairs of materials with opposite triboelectric properties. When they touch and then separate, they create voltage and current, which can be used to make energy. Triboelectric devices have many uses. They can turn energy from everyday activities, like walking, into power for small gadgets. TENG can also change body movements into electricity for small usable devices. By using energy from wind or water, they can help sensors monitor the movements. This technology can run gadgets that power themselves. The use of TENG in various devices can reduce or even replace the use of conventional batteries. Furthermore, this means reducing the waste from conventional battery products.